PhD Defense by Nathan Evans

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Event Details
  • Date/Time:
    • Thursday March 31, 2016 - Friday April 1, 2016
      1:00 pm - 2:59 pm
  • Location: Room 114, Callaway Manufacturing Research Building
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Summary Sentence: Processing-Structure-Property Relationships of Surface Porous Polymers for Orthopaedic Applications

Full Summary: No summary paragraph submitted.

MSE PhD Defense - Nathan Evans

Time: March 31st, 1:00-3:00pm

 Location: Room 114, Callaway Manufacturing Research Building

 Committee Members:
Dr. Ken Gall, ME/MSE, Duke University (advisor)
Dr. Robert Guldberg, ME
Dr. Satish Kumar, MSE
Dr. David McDowell, ME/MSE
Dr. Meisha Shofner, MSE

 Title: Processing-Structure-Property Relationships of Surface Porous Polymers for Orthopaedic Applications

 

Abstract:

The use of polymers in orthopaedics is steadily increasing. In some markets, such as spinal fusion and soft tissue anchors, the polymer polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is already the material of choice in the majority of implants. Despite PEEK’s widespread use, it is often associated with poor osseointegration, which can lead to implant loosening and ultimately failure of the device. Many attempts have been explored to improve the osseointegration of PEEK but none have had widespread clinical success.

In this dissertation, a novel surface porous structure has been created, where limiting the porosity to the surface maintains adequate mechanical properties for load bearing applications while providing a surface for improved osseointegration. Careful control of the processing parameters resulted in tunable porous microstructures optimized for bone ingrowth: highly interconnected 200-500µm pores with porosity ranging from 60-85% and pore layers from 300-6000µm thick.  Mechanical characterization, including monotonic tensile and compression, tensile fatigue, shear, interfacial shear, and abrasion tests, were used to probe the effects of the surface porosity on the relevant mechanical properties of the material.

In addition, the effect of surface porosity and surface roughness on the mechanical properties of a range of thermoplastics with varying chemistries and crystallinities was explored. This research showed that there is a great disparity in the notch sensitivity of polymers that correlates to the polymers fracture toughness as well as trends in the monotonic stress-strain curve. The results illustrate that care must be taken in the design of polymeric implants, especially when introducing topographical changes to promote osseointegration, in order to ensure they maintain adequate load-bearing capacity.

Finally, preliminary in vitro and in vivo data demonstrated the ability of PEEK-SP to promote osseointegration. Cells grown on PEEK-SP demonstrated enhanced mineralization and differentiation, suggesting the ability of PEEK-SP to facilitate bone ingrowth. The potential of PEEK-SP was further demonstrated by implantation in a rat femoral segmental defect model which demonstrated bone ingrowth and reduced formation of a fibrous capsule.

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Phd Defense
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  • Created By: Tatianna Richardson
  • Workflow Status: Published
  • Created On: Mar 17, 2016 - 5:12am
  • Last Updated: Oct 7, 2016 - 10:17pm